Features

Single series of battery lithium-ion battery fuel meters is located on the system board

-Integrated 2.5 VDC LDO

-outer low value 10-mΩ 10-mΩ Sensor

Patent impedance tracking #8482; Technology

- Adjust according to battery aging, self -discharge, temperature and rate change

- Report the remaining remaining Capacity, Loading Status (SOC) and Clear time

- Optional flat filter

- Battery health status (aging) evaluation

- Support embedded or detachable can be removed Component, capacity as high as 32 AHR

-Ad 2 independent battery configuration files for battery packs

Micro controller peripheral device support:

--400 KHz I2C serial interface

-32 temporary flashes NVM

- Battery power low digital output warning

-Table SOC interrupt

- The temperature options of external thermistor, internal sensors or host reports

Small 12 -needle 2.50 mm × 4.00 mm Son packaging

#8226 ; Smartphones, functional mobile phones and tablets

wearable device

Building automation

portable medical/industrial mobile phone [ 123]

Portable audio

Game

Explanation

BQ27510-G3

System side lithium ion Battery fuel meter is a microcontroller peripheral equipment that provides fuel measurement for single battery lithium -ion battery packs. The device only needs to be developed with a small system microcontroller firmware. The BQ27510-G3 stays on the system motherboard and manages embedded batteries (non-demolished) or removable battery packs.

BQ27510-G3 adopts patented impedance trajectory #8482; algorithms used for fuel measurement, and provide the remaining battery capacity (MAH), charging status (%), air load operation time (min.) Battery voltage (MV), temperature (° C), and health state (%) and other information.

The use of BQ27510-G3 to measure the battery fuel only requires the battery pack+(P+), battery pack- (P-) and optional thermistor (T) to connect to the removable battery pack or embedded battery circuit.

Equipment information

(1) For all available software packages, please refer to the accessible appendix at the end of the data table.

Typical Application Figure

Typical features

Detailed description

Overview

BQ27510-G3 fuel meter accurately predicts the battery capacity and other working characteristics of a single lithium-based rechargeable battery. It can be asked by the system processor to provide unit information to the host, such as clearing time (TTE) and charging status (SOC) and SOC interrupt signals.

Information is accessed by a series of commands called standard commands. The additional extended command set provides more functions. These two sets of commands by general format commands () indicate that they read and write the information in the device control register and status register, and their data flash memory positions. The command can be sent from the system to the instrument through the system through the I2C serial communication engine, which can be executed during application development, system manufacturing or terminal device operation.

Unit information is stored in the non -easy -to -loss flash memory of the device. During application development, many positions of these data flash memory can be accessed. During the running of the terminal device, they usually cannot access them directly. You can access these locations by using fuel meter supporting assessment software, separate commands or access commands through a series of data flash memory. To access the required data flash memory position, you must know the correct data flashing subclasses and offset.

The key to the high -precision gas measurement prediction of fuel meter is the excretion tracking #8482; algorithm of Texas Instrument Company. The algorithm uses the battery measurement value, characteristics and attributes to create a charging state prediction. Under various operating conditions and the service life of the battery, it can achieve an error of less than 1%.

The fuel gauge is measured and charged and measures the voltage of small value tandem sensors (typical values of 5 m to 20 m ) by monitoring the voltage between the system car and the terminal of the battery pack. Discharge activities. When a battery is connected to the device, the battery impedance is learned according to the battery current, the battery opening voltage (OCV) and the voltage of the battery under the voltage of the battery.

The external temperature sensing is optimized by using high -precision negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor (R25 10.0 K ± 1%). B25/85 3435 kΩ ± 1%(such as Semitic NTC 103AT). Alternatively, the fuel meter can also be configured to use its internal temperature sensor or receive temperature data from the host processor. When the external thermistor is used, a 18.2-KΩ ripping resistor is required between BI/TOUT and TS pins. The fuel meter uses the temperature monitoring of the battery set environment for fuel measurement and battery protection function.

In order to reduce power consumptionThere are several power modes of the fuel meter: normal, dormant, dormant and battery insertion inspection. The fuel gauge is automatically passed between these modes, depending on the occurrence of specific events, although the system processor can directly start some of these modes.

For complete operational details, see the BQ27510-G3 technology reference manual, BQ27510-G3 system side impedance trajectory #8482; fuel meter with integrated LDO and Sluua97.

Figure Figure

function description

The fuel meter measured battery voltage, temperature and current, To determine the battery loading status. The fuel gauge monitors charging and discharge activities by sensing SRP and SRN pins and voltage between small resistance values (typical values of 5 MΩ to 20 MΩ) in series with battery. By integrating the charge of the battery, adjust the battery SOC during the battery charging or discharge process.

The total capacity of the battery was obtained by comparing the charging status before and after the load and the power passed. When applying an application load, the battery is measured by comparing the OCV and the voltage measured under the load by comparing the predetermined function of the current SOC to measure the resistance of the battery. The measurement of OCV and charge points determines the state of chemical charge and chemical capacity (QMAX). The initial QMAX value is taken from the number of data tables of the battery manufacturer by the number of parallel batteries. It is also used to calculate the value of the design capacity. During the use of normal batteries, the fuel meter will obtain and update the battery impedance curve. It uses this configuration file and the SOC and QMAX values to determine the complete charging capacity () and charging status (), especially for the current load and temperature. FullChargeCapAcity () refers to the available capacity of the battery full before the voltage () reaches the voltage () at the current load and temperature. NominaLavalain () and complete available capacity () are reMainingCapAcity () and FullChargeCapAcity () without compensation (no load or light load) versions.

There are two signs of the fuel meter, which are accessed by the Flags () function. When the battery's load state drops to the critical level, a warning is issued. When Stateofcharge () is lower than the first capacity threshold (specified in SOC1 Set Threshold), the [SOC1] (initial charging status) logo will be set. Once Stateofcharge () rises to SOC1 to clear the threshold, the sign is cleared. Whenever the SOC1 logo is set, the GPOUT pin of the fuel meter emit three pulses with 10 millisecond width and 10 milliseconds. When the RMC_ind bit in the operation configuration B is set, this sign is enabled. This behavior is also applicable to the [SOCF] (the final charging status) logo.123]

When the voltage () below the system shutdown threshold voltage Sysdown Set Volt Threshold, set the [Sysdown] logo as the final warning of the closing system. GPOUT also sent a signal. When the voltage () rises to SYSDOWN above the voltage and has set the [SYSDOWN] logo, the [Sysdown] logo is cleared. GPOUT also indicates this change. All units are millivolves. For more details, please refer to the BQ27510-G3 technology reference manual, BQ27510-G3 system side impedance trajectory #8482; fuel meter with integrated LDO and Sluua97.

Equipment function mode

Power mode

The fuel meter has different power modes: battery insertion inspection, normal, dormant, dormant. In normal mode, the fuel meter is fully charged and can perform any allowable tasks. In dormancy mode, low -frequency and high -frequency oscillator are active. Although the current consumption of the dormant mode is higher than the sleep mode, it is also a low -power mode. In the dormant mode, the fuel meter turns off the high -frequency oscillator and reducing the state of power, and regularly measures and calculates. In the dormant mode, the fuel table is in a low power consumption, but it can be awakened through communication or certain IO activities. Finally, Bat Insert Check Mode is a state of power -powered but low power, that is, when there is no battery insertion in the system, the fuel gauge is located in this state.

FIG. 5 and 6 show the relationship between these patterns.

Programming

Standard data command BQ27510-G3 fuel meter using a series of 2-byte standard commands to enable the system to enable the system Read and write to battery information. Each standard command has a related command code pair, as shown in Table 2. Because each command consists of two bytes of data, two continuous I2C transmission must be performed to start the command function and read or write the corresponding two bytes of data. Other options that transmit data are described in the communication. Under normal circumstances, you can access the standard command operation. Reading and writing permissions depend on the activity access mode, seal or una -seal. Other details include see the BQ27510-G3 technology reference manual, sluua97.

Control (): 0x00/0x01

issued a Control () command required the subsequent 2 -byte command. These additional bytes specify the required specific control functions. Control () command allows the system to control the specific function of the fuel meter during normal operation, and the additional function when the device is in different access modes, as described in Table 3. For more details, please refer to the BQ27510-G3 technology reference manual, sluua97.

Communication

I2C interface

BQ27510-G3 fuel meter supports standard I2C reading, incremental reading, fast reading, single byte writing Entering and incremental writing function. The 7 -bit device address (ADDR) is the most effective 7 -bit in the hexadecimal address, which is fixed to 1010101. Therefore, the top 8 of the I2C protocol is 0xaa or 0xAB, which are used to write or read.

Data at the address indicated by the ""Quick Read"" return address pointer. The address pointer is an internal register of the I2C communication engine. Whenever the fuel meter or I2C host confirm the data, it increases. The ""quick writing"" function is the same as this, which is a convenient way to send multiple bytes to the continuous command position (such as the dual -byte command of two bytes of data).

The following command sequence is not supported:

Try to write to read only the address (NACK after the host sends data):

Try to read to read Take the address of more than 0x6b or more (NACK command):

I2C timeout

If the I2C bus is maintained at a low level for 2 seconds, the I2C engine will release SDA and SDA and at the same time SCL. If the fuel meter is fixed to the pipeline, the pipeline can be released to release the pipeline so that the host drives the pipeline. If the external conditions are kept at a low level, the I2C engine will enter the low -power dormant mode.

I2C command waiting time

In order to ensure that it is working properly at 400 kHz, it is necessary to insert the unprecedented waiting time between T (BUF) ≥66μs between all packets sent to the fuel meter. In addition, if the SCL clock frequency (FSCL) is greater than 100 kHz, a separate 1 byte of the 1 -byte is written to the correct data flow control. The following figure shows the standard waiting time required between the Control sub -command and the read status result. For reading and writing standard commands, it takes at least 2 seconds to update the results. For only reading standard commands, no waiting time is required, but the number of all standard commands issued by the host should not exceed twice per second. Otherwise, the fuel meter may cause reset due to the expiration of the scheme of the door.

I2C clock stretch

Clock stretching may occur under all modes of the fuel meter operation. In dormant and dormant mode, because the device must wake up to process the data packet, all I2C communication will have a short clock delay. In other modes (battery insertion inspection, normal), the clock stretch occurs only on the data packet addressing for the fuel meter. Because the I2C interface performs normal data flow control, most clock expansion cycles are small. However, with the data flashing blockFor updates, the clock extension cycle that is lower but more important may appear. The following table summarizes the extension of the clocks under various fuel meters working conditions.

Application and implementation

Note

The information in the following application chapters is not part of the TI component specification. TI does not guarantee its accuracy Or integrity. TI's customers are responsible for determining the applicability of the component. Customers should verify and test their design implementation to confirm the system function.

Application information

BQ27510-G3 system side lithium-ion battery fuel meter is a microcontroller peripheral device that provides fuel measurement for single battery lithium-ion battery packs. The device only needs to be developed with a small system microcontroller firmware. The fuel is located on the system motherboard. Manageing an embedded battery (non -demolished) or a demolition battery with a capacity of up to 32,000 mAh is packed to the best performance in the final application. You must pay special attention to the appropriate printing circuit board (PCB) The layout of the board to ensure the minimum measurement error. For details, please refer to the design requirements for details.

Typical application

Design requirements

You must update several key parameters to meet the battery characteristics of a given application. For the measurement of the highest accuracy, before the sealing and transportation system to the scene, the initial configuration of the learning cycle is to optimize the resistance and maximum chemical capacity (QMAX) value. The success and accurate configuration of the fuel meter in the target application can be used as the basis for creating the ""Gold"" gas meter (.fs) file. This file can be written into all instruments. Assuming the same component design and lithium -ion battery source (chemistry, batches, etc. (chemistry, batches, etc. To. The calibration data includes part of this gold GG file to reduce system production time. If this method is adopted, it is recommended to take voltage and current measurement of the average value of the calibration data from the large sample amount, and use these data in the gold file.

Detailed design program

BAT voltage detection input

Use a ceramic capacitor at the input terminal of the battery pipe foot to put the AC voltage ripple on the ground, which greatly reduces it Effect on battery voltage measurement. It is proved to be the most effective under the load with high -frequency permanent veins (ie, mobile phones), but it is recommended to use it in all applications to lower the noise on this sensitive high impedance measurement node.

SRP and SRN current detection input

The filter network of the Culun counter input terminal aims to increase differential mode in which the voltage measurement of the voltage measurement measurement is increased. These components should be placed at the position of the input terminal of the Kulun counter as much as possible, and the wiring of the length of the differential record can be matched to minimize the measurement error of the impedance out of matching.

Selection of sensing resistance

If any change between the resistance of the SRP and SRN pins of the fuel meter will change, it will change.It affects the voltage difference and the current generated. Therefore, it is recommended to choose sensing resistors with the minimum tolerance and resistance temperature coefficient (TCR) characteristics. Based on the best compromise between performance and price is 1%tolerance, 100PPM drift induction resistor, the rated power is 1W.

TS temperature sensing input

Similar to the BAT tube foot, the ceramic decoupled power container of the TS tube foot is used to bypass the ADC voltage rod by bypassing the high impedance ADC input Essence Another useful advantage is that the capacitor provides additional ESD protection, because in a system of removable battery packs, the system's TS input can be accessed. It should be close to the corresponding input pin as much as possible to obtain the best filtering performance.

Selection of thermal resistance

The design of the temperature sensing circuit of the fuel meter is used to work with the thermistor of the negative temperature coefficient (NTC), and it has 10- under room temperature (25 ° C) The characteristic resistance of kΩ. The default curve fitting coefficients configured in the fuel meter are specially assumed that the heating resistance of 103AT-2 is specially assumed, so this is the default recommendation of the thermistor selection. Move to separate thermist resistance resistance resistance configuration files (for example, JT-2 or other) needs to update the default thermistor in the data flash memory to ensure the temperature measurement performance of the maximum accuracy.

Regin power input filter

A ceramic capacitor is placed in the input end of the internal LDO of the fuel meter to increase the power suppression (PSR) and improve effective line adjustment. It ensures that the voltage ripples are rejected to ground, not the internal supply track of the fuel meter.

VLDO output filter Kokos Islands

A ceramic capacitor also needs to provide current storage for the fuel meter load peak during the high peripheral utilization period during the high peripheral utilization rate. Its role is to stabilize the output of the regulator and reduce the core voltage fluctuations inside the fuel meter.

Application curve

Power Suggestion

Power supply decoupling

Regin input pins and VCC output pin pin Low -equivalent series resistance (ESR) ceramic capacitors are needed to get as close as possible to their respective pins to optimize ripple suppression and provide stable and reliable power rails, which are elastic on line transient. Regin's 0.1-μF capacitor and VCC 1-μF capacitor are enough to satisfy satisfactory device performance.

Layout

Layout Guide

The Cairvin connection of the inductive resistor

The connection of the battery terminal itself. The poor trace line should be connected inside the sensing resistance pad, rather than anywhere along the high current trace line path to prevent it from the sum of the induction resistance and trace wire resistance between the tap point.Increase the error of measurement current. In addition, these leads from sensing to the input filter network, and finally enter the wiring of SRP and SRN pins, which need to be matched as closely as possible, otherwise additional measurement bias may occur. In addition, it is recommended to add copper traces or pouring type ""protective ring"" to the filter network and the Culun counter input to protect these sensitive pin from being radiated EMI into the sensor node. This prevents the differential voltage offset that may be interpreted as the actual current changes in the fuel meter. All filter components need to be as close as possible to the Kulun counter input pins.

Thermal resistance connection

The input of thermistor sensing induction input should include a ceramic side electric container, which should be closer to the TS input pin as much as possible. When the voltage bias circuit is performed during the periodic vein of the temperature sensor window, the capacitor helps to filter the measurement value of any bruises.

Separation of large current and small current path

In order to obtain the best noise performance, it is very important to separate low -current and high current circuits into different areas of the circuit board layout. The fuel meter and all supporting components should be located on one side of the dashboard, and are separated from the large current circuit (for measurement purpose) from the sensor resistor. The low -current ground is arranged around, instead of under the large current trajectory, which will further help improve the ability to suppress noise.

layout example