Intersil's ICL7660 and ICL7660A monolithic CMOS power circuits offer unique performance advantages over previous devices. The ICL7660 performs a conversion from a positive supply voltage of +1.5 V to an input range of +10.0 V resulting in a negative complementary output voltage of -1.5V-10.0V and the ICL7660A does not convert the same with an input range of +1.5 V to 12.0 V resulting in a complementary output voltage -1.5V-12.0V. Only 2 non-critical external capacitors are required for the charge pump and responsible for the function of the reservoir. The ICL7660 and ICL7660A can also be connected to a voltage doubler function and will produce an output of 18.6 V with a +10 V input voltage. Contained on this chip are a series of DC power regulators, RC oscillators, voltage level translators and four output power MOS switches. A unique logic element senses the most negative voltage in the device and ensures that the output N-channel switching source-substrate junction is not biased forward. This ensures free operation of the latch. When unloaded, the oscillator oscillates at a nominal frequency of 10kHz with an input supply voltage of 5.0V. This addition of an external frequency can reduce the "oscillation" terminal of the capacitor, or the oscillator can be overdriven by an external clock. The "LV" terminal can be connected to ground to bypass the internal linear regulator and improve low voltage (LV) operation. Leave the LV pins floating at medium to high voltages (3.5 V to +10.0 V for ICL7660A and 3.5 V to 12.0 V for ICL7660) to prevent device latch-up.